Intellum is an Atlanta-based company that offers low-cost solutions for e-learning projects. CEO Chip Ramsey will answer reader questions in the comments section today (6/1/11).
“You may not have heard of us, but chances are you run into people on a daily basis that have,” says Intellum CEO Chip Ramsey (right). “You know the security guard in your building? We probably train him. Walked by a Coke machine recently? There’s a good chance we trained the guy who filled it.”
The company processes millions of student enrollments annually in over 11,000 cities and 65 countries. One day they’ll be in Palo Alto working with Facebook, the next in Atlanta with The Home Depot.
The initial idea
It was a long route to get there, though. It started back in 2000 with Ramsey’s stepfather, who worked for the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and spoke frequently about the difficulty and expense of complying with government regulations. “The initial idea was to build a hosted web app to simplify regulatory compliance and in the process, help employees avoid injuries,” explains Ramsey. “We’ve evolved over the years, but that’s how it started.”
The original funding plan was to raise $500k from investors, but Ramsey’s team fell short of that goal. It instead wound up raising $175k from friends and family. “I would love to drop some sanctimonious rant about how we were too good to take VC funds and were wise beyond our years regarding building a lasting business. But the truth was we did try to go the more traditional fund raising route. We spent months in bars, coffee houses, and hotel lobbies writing our business plan, meeting with whomever would see us, rewriting the business plan, and so on. We tried it all; We just failed. And despite the cursing under our breath that went on after each VC ‘didn’t get it,’ the truth is they were right to turn us down. Three twenty-five year old friends, barely out of college with little work experience and no product to sell probably aren’t the most qualified people to spend the millions of dollars our business plan called for.”
So what happened with that $175k? “We spent it all in three months and, at the end of the day, had nothing to show for it,” admits Ramsey. “The money was spent on salaries and professional services fees — fees for lawyers to draft our PPM and contracts, fees for financial experts to come up with our valuation, fees for programmers to develop software that never worked, and, my personal favorite, fees for consultants to coach us on how to raise money.”
Intellum’s home page today.
Course correction
The evaporating funds meant a change of course was needed. “For months, we had been writing a plan and basing decisions on what investors told us they wanted to see,” explains Ramsey. ”’You need more grey hair.’ Okay, we’ll hire a more experienced CEO, whose salary will burn through all our capital. ‘The mobile web is heating up. You should really have a mobile offering.’ Sure, we’ll waste a month of consulting hours on a prototype even though no one’s phone can actually display it yet. ‘If you were smart, you’d be looking for a big name insurance partner.’ Great idea, we’ll pull some strings and fly all over the place to meet with people, who don’t necessarily understand technology and already have more on their plate than they can handle.”
“We had been writing a plan and basing decisions on what investors told us they wanted to see.”
All that chasing left them living off credit card debt and peanut butter and jelly sandwiches. So the team made a decision: Stop chasing a funding event and figure out how to make money.
In order to conserve money, Ramsey began learning how to code. “Learning how to program wasn’t too terribly hard,” he says. “This is somewhat embarrassing, but I used to play around with BASIC on the Commodore 64, when I was in middle school, writing a few games similar to The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy text game. I loved those books. Certainly nothing to brag about, but the experience minimized the intimidation I felt approaching code later in life.”
Early on, the team built quick prototypes with the open source ArsDigita Community System (ACS). ACS offered functionality coded into modules that the team could customize while also learning best practices. “The ACS prototype served as both our computer science classroom and entree into potential customers,” says Ramsey.
The hustle
Armed with a working prototype, the team kept hustling. But now they were hustling for customers instead of investors. Ramsey: “We networked, made cold calls, went to trade shows, and whatever else we had to do to get in front of people. We would pitch the idea, show the prototype, and update the software based on feedback. Ironically, it was a similar process to meeting with VCs and iterating over the business plan, but instead of being left with a worthless stack of paper, we crafted a product people were willing to pay for.
“We also learned, the hard way, that not every request should be taken seriously. For example, we once built the ability for students to call an 800 number, review a presentation, and take a test using voice recognition. The potential customer that requested the functionality said it would make our service a ‘no-brainer’ for them. When the feature was completed and they stopped taking our calls, we realized it should have been a no-brainer for us to require a signed contract with financial obligations before we started development.”
By 2002, the company was profitable. But, in response to customer feedback, the vision of the company kept shifting. Early investors responded favorably to the company’s niche focus on the safety and health industry since it made it easy to identify the right person to call in an organization. In reality though, those same people were extremely hard to sell to; They didn’t trust computers and had a hard time procuring budgets, according to Ramsey.
Meanwhile, Intellum was seeing an emerging trend: Customers wanted them to address learning and development needs beyond the confines of the safety and health department. Ramsey explains, “We already had software that was managing training records across entire organizations and were authoring custom courseware on topics that had nothing to do with compliance. As a result, we started seriously considering becoming an e-learning company.”
That meant battling bigger competitors, though. Ramsey says, “People didn’t understand why we would give up being one of only a few companies competing in a niche market that we were helping to define to go to a more mature market with a number of large established players. We went with our gut.”
Intellum Learning Management System Student home page lets students see and launch courses.
The sea change
Trusting that gut feeling has paid off. Over the last five years, Intellum has grown an average of 23% a year by focusing on e-learning. The company’s current headcount: 22.
Ramsey says, “We treat our employees like adults and manage them as little as possible. Some people work from home. Others work from our main office. Many are spread across the US. The lead developer on our newest product leaves D.C. each winter, because he would rather be in South America than deal with the cold weather. He can do his work from anywhere with an Internet connection and kicks ass at what he does, so that’s fine by us. We also try to keep our management style as egalitarian as possible. We hire intelligent, responsible people and encourage them to be passionate about what they do.”
Do what YOU think is smart. There’s a lot of advice out there — a lot of experts and business philosophies — you simply can’t take at face value. If you’re anything like us, you’re going to make some bad decisions and plenty of mistakes, but don’t fall into the trap of looking for the silver bullet or people outside your organization to give you all the answers. Pick something you can be passionate about, work hard because you love it, and refuse to fail.
Ramsey feels his background in coding has helped him be a better CEO: “My first instinct is to say I don’t understand how anyone could possibly be the CEO of a software company and not know how to program. Of course, that’s ridiculous. I know there are plenty of software industry CEOs that have been far more successful than I have without ever writing a single line of code. Regardless, I think the skill has helped me with everything from hiring and managing programmers to identifying new technologies and approaches that give us a competitive advantage. Also, I can’t imagine having a moment of inspiration and not being able to quickly bang out a prototype on my own. That benefit alone is worth the price of admission for me.”
Is there an exit strategy? “The truth is we don’t have one,” answers Ramsey. “We never really talk about it. I guess if there were some undeniably compelling reason to raise a bunch of capital and we were in the position to do so, an IPO may be a good way to go. But overall, we’re focused on growing the business and building the best company we can.”
But Intellum does have goals unrelated to the exit discussion. “One of those goals involves the sea change we, and many others, believe is coming in both corporate training departments and educational institutions. The Internet has provided an opportunity, possibly even more significant than the printing press, to impact learning around the globe. When a student in Botswana can get on a computer and take the same class as an MIT freshman in Boston, things are changing. When over 1 million students go through videos online from the Khan Academy each month, something meaningful is happening. These changes bring with them questions. How do you give structure and context to resources that are scattered across the Internet? What’s the best way to facilitate connecting people with experts that can mentor or tutor them? How should we handle accreditation in this new world? If we can make even a small contribution in this arena over the coming years, I think we will have accomplished something incredibly worthwhile.
“I don’t think we’re unique in this way either. Most entrepreneurs I meet seem to be more enthusiastic about the act of creation and the possibility of making a mark than they are about maximizing profits.”
“Most entrepreneurs I meet seem to be more enthusiastic about the act of creation and the possibility of making a mark than they are about maximizing profits.”
Update: This post was originally listed as part of our “Bootstrapped, Profitable, & Proud” series but commenters pointed out the company didn’t meet the criteria since it did in fact raise $175k from friends and family before going the self-funded route. To eliminate any confusion, we’ve removed it from the the series.
Ted
on 01 Jun 11@37signals
How can you call this a “bootstrapped” company want it raised $175k in funding?
Ted
on 01 Jun 11I’m so confused by this post. So what exactly do they do?
Even going to their web site, it’s vague.
Are they a services business or a product (web app) business?
How do I sign up? What’s the cost?
The site also redirected me to another site call rollback.com. Do they resell books? Because that’s what it looks like.
@Intellum, if you are reading my comment – I hope this provides feedback on a customer experience that could be improved.
Scott
on 01 Jun 11@Ted: I think they’d say that it’s because it wasn’t VC. This series shouldn’t be called “Bootstrapped, Profitable, & Proud”. It should be called “Non-VC’d, Profitable, & Proud”.
VC funded companies are rare though so the vast majority of companies which are profitable and proud fit the bill, as far as I can tell.
Anonymous Coward
on 01 Jun 11rollbook.com* (correction to my post above)
Ted
on 01 Jun 11@Scott
Taking investment money is still taking investment money. It doesn’t matter if it’s from friends, family, angel or VC.
All (US) money is green and of equal value.
Just because the money they received wasn’t VC doesn’t change the fact that someone provided seed capital to get them going.
J. Blunden
on 01 Jun 11Usually the posts in this series are both informative and fun. This post is neither.
Ben R
on 01 Jun 11@J. Blunden
Agreed
Howard
on 01 Jun 11@Ted Jeez, whats up with the negative comments? Their site is catered to their audience, so the UI makes sense from that perspective. Hate hate hate!
David
on 01 Jun 11In the article, Chip is quoted as saying that he values the ability to ‘bang out a prototype on [his] own.’ I realize that when they first started, they used ACS as their prototyping language. What does he use today?
Chip Ramsey
on 01 Jun 11@Ted I think we were bootstrapped in the sense that we spent all the money we raised and then had to build what we became with nothing but our time and credit card debt. Also, I thought people may find it interesting to see both sides of starting a business: the make a plan for VCs way and the make a product for the customers way. No?
Anonymous Coward
on 01 Jun 11@David We switched to RoR long ago.
Chip Ramsey
on 01 Jun 11@Ben R & @J. Blunden: Ouch.
Michael
on 01 Jun 11@Ted, I’d say because they admit to burning through that money and basically starting over from scratch they still somewhat bootstrapped themselves. You can learn a lot by doing something the wrong way, maybe even more than by doing it the right way the first time. This may be a cautionary tale?
Chip Ramsey
on 01 Jun 11@Ted Regarding the website. We sell a SaaS Learning Management System (Rollbook) and create custom courseware for organizations. Unless you’re in HR or a training department that probably doesn’t mean much to you. However, the site is created for that target audience.
Ted
on 01 Jun 11@Chip Ramsey
I can only stress, as friendly advice, imagine you’re some mid-aged woman working in HR and goes to http://www.intellum.com for the very first time.
You’re now on the homepage of the site … now what?
What is my “call to action”?
What do you want to drive that HR person to click on (or do)?
To me, I have absolutely no idea. It’s nice you have some big name clients but what do you want me to do actually on the site? If it’s to call and speak to a sales person, that’s a no go. I don’t have time. If it’s just information, okay – that fair but who will you turn that person into a customer?
I’m not asking you to answer this question here … but think about it. I imagine you want them to ultimately go to some type of Sign-up page. Just remember, ever extra click – even just 1 extra click, will reduce your conversion rate by orders of magnitude.
ML
on 01 Jun 11Thanks for the thoughtful comments on the funding issue. In order to remove any confusion, we’ve removed this post from the Bootstrapped, Profitable, and Proud series.
Mike
on 01 Jun 11@Ted
Here’s the deal – they started in 2000 and by 2002 they were profitable. They’ve been growing at an average rate of 23% since then, and only have 22 employees. It seems to me they’re making money, and doing it well. I’m thinking they’ve done a little research on their target market and have a pretty good grasp on the correct web design to be effective.
You act like you’re the only one who understands web design at all. I work for an ecommerce outfit in Atlanta that is growing at 75% this year and has been since 2004, and we’ll do about 15m in revenue this year. Guess what? 15% of our customers are 65 or older, and 50% are over 40! We understand what it takes to cater to our audience, and I’m sure Intellum understands how to get a middle-aged HR woman to click where they want her to.
Don’t be a pompous web designer ass who thinks they know everything. I can understand their site just fine and I don’t work in HR. Call to actions are clearly just above the fold. What’s your problem dude? Can’t we talk about the ridiculously impressive job these people are doing without you talking out of your ass on something you know nothing about?
Robert Long
on 01 Jun 11Trusting that gut feeling has paid off.
Patrick
on 01 Jun 11@Ted
I’m actually in the Learning & Development group within a large company (apparently their customer demographic) and in visiting their site I clearly see 3 calls to action for their three lines of business that make total sense to me. I think their site is great for what they do.
Eric H.
on 01 Jun 11Wow. Picky crowd today.
I think it’s a good post about an interesting company.
Usually, though, there’s a ballpark revenue figure in these posts, would @Chip Ramsey care to share?
Glen Barnes
on 01 Jun 11Reading this reminded me of another kiwi based LMS company Litmos. The team there are actually bootstrapped, profitable and proud. It has been a long haul but I am really impressed by what they do and how they are progressing.
Raju Sinha
on 01 Jun 11Chances are you have not hear of us. And if you just hear about us and if you come to our website you will still not know what we do.
mr. curmudgeon
on 02 Jun 11I think highly of 37sigs and their products, but am I the only one that find their we-did-it-this-way-so-it-must-be-right attitude obnoxious?
There are many, many ways to build a business that brings profits to the founders and shareholders. Sometimes (small) profits come quickly. Sometimes profits are deferred or re-invested. Sometimes capital is needed up front, sometimes it isn’t. There is no standard formula, it depends on the market, timing, founders risk appetite, founders goals, etc, etc.
I guess I get that 37sigs is trying to show a certain crowd that you don’t have to follow the “find a partner/write a plan/raise $$/burn thru it all” path that is touted by TechCrunch et al. But really, is this a big problem? Most people (speaking in %ages) never raise VC money.
e.g. this series (though I realize this article was pulled from it) makes a strange delineation to me. There are many practical differences, but is there some kind of moral difference between raising capital from VCs, Friends/Family, bank loan, or through unsecured debt (as Intellum did with their credit cards)? Why was Intellum deemed worthy for this series by 37sigs? What 37sigs sanctioned ideal do they exemplify?
I have nothing against these Intellum guys at all (in fact my company started as a custom software / content services biz that frankenstein’ed into a successful SaaS product offering). But why were they considered a part of this series at all? They were risking other people’s money at the beginning (friends/family and then credit card debt) until they found their market niche.
And while I’m on a rant ;), wtf is with dhh and his commentary on salesforce.com lately? Why do they offend him so much?
Businesses can be created to serve many types of markets. Sometimes it is to serve the customer that buys your product. Sometimes companies are built to be sold to larger businesses. Is that not a legitimate market too? Sometimes companies follow a model that they believe will be valued by public financial markets. Is that wrong in some way? Aren’t these all markets that can be sold into?
Salesforce.com is providing massive profits to its shareholders. Those profits are not coming from (price – cost) sales of their product to their customers. But so what?
And before you cry bubble, it isn’t only wall st that creates bubbles, there are many consumer driven bubbles as well. For example, new car sales fell off a cliff 2 years ago when people realized that spending $40k on a new car was ridiculous for the average person. As a result, used cars are now selling at a premium. These are cycles based on human nature.
oh well, i’m done.
Jake
on 02 Jun 11@ Ted
I’m not sure what your confusion is because to me their website is perfectly clear.
Also, unless you’re a middle-aged woman working in HR, please stop guessing what their reaction would be.
I really hope you’re not a web designer.
Jake
on 02 Jun 11@ mr. curmudgeon
I think your reaction to these articles says more about you than it does about anything else.
These articles are merely reporting another way to build a business.
Brian Dear
on 02 Jun 11I liked the article! It wad good to hear about their bravery at confronting the mainstream market as opposed to staying within a niche. I can certainly relate to learning to code in order to save money and be a better leader. I also appreciate the idea of building to customers as opposed to building for investors.
Chip Ramsey
on 02 Jun 11Man, rough crowd.
Guys we can quibble over wether or not you think we qualify as a bootstrapped company all day, but I think you’re missing the point. First of all, we actually lived the mistakes 37’s blog posts, books, etc. warn you about. We bought into the the whole get rich quick, money solves everything, we want to become overnight rockstar internet entrepreneurs mentality. And guess what? It didn’t work out. In fact, it was such a spectacular failure that we spent the next two years of our lives digging our way out of it. And maybe it’s not the classical bootstrapped story, but when you have no software, no offices, no money – nothing – not even a prototype, and you aren’t sleeping at night, because you haven’t been paid a salary for months and you’re beginning to question your very self worth, THAT in my opinion, is the quintessential bootstrapped entrepreneur moment. Not the feature in Fortune or interview on Charlie Ross with the seemingly overnight success—the moment when you say to yourself, “Oh shit, what the hell am I doing?” We lived that. It’s tough. In fact, it’s so tough that 8 out of 10 new businesses fail in the first five years.
So the advice I was trying to convey, to any would-be entrepreneurs out there, is that you need to be prepared to make an incredible commitment – to roll up your sleeves and do whatever it takes. When you find yourself in that position, all you have is your own hard work to fall back on. But if you’re willing to stick it out and you don’t take your eye off the ball (i.e., you concentrate on what your customers are willing to pay for), I think you will have a much higher likelihood of succeeding.
Thanks to everyone for the thought provoking discussion. : )
Nick Campbell
on 02 Jun 11Can I recommend a new category since this article was pulled from Bootstrapped, Profitable, & Proud? I like Backtracked: From VC to Bootstrapped. Keeps in line with the ring of the products as well.
I guess I’m a little late to ask questions, but I was a little curious how things worked after they burnt through all the raised capital and shifted to bootstrapping. Those moments are a little vague & I’d just like a few more details how they managed to carry on. Was it only the credit card debt?
Chip Ramsey
on 02 Jun 11Nick, thank you for the question.
I can’t speak for Matt and Will (my business partners), but for me it was mostly racking up credit card debt, and a few $20 bills slipped across the table when a family member would come in town and take me out to dinner. I quit my job in the financial industry to raise money, but was too young to really have any savings, so when the money was gone, there was nothing else. It was scary. We all worked out of our houses. I remembering calling on Fortune 500 companies, from a space I cleared out in my bedroom closet, with my dog barking in the background. Very embarrassing.
BillP
on 02 Jun 11Thanks Chip for standing up for yourself, your company, amd this post.
What a bunch of wanks (on this discussion board).
Anyways, well done. Love your site and your very honest insight.
I wish a few of my customers were using your training system instead of the horrific pieces of *&^% that I’ve had to patch together after the fact.
When you need a DBA (me) to spend 4 hours getting shrinkwrapped training software running in a localized environment, maybe (juuust maybe…) SaaS is a better idea.
Steven
on 02 Jun 11Chip
Great job with your company. I recently read that 98% of companies in the US never grow to $1MM in revenues. Whether you did with friends or family or only is still a major milestone!
GregT
on 02 Jun 11These articles are merely reporting another way to build a business.
JaySchu
on 02 Jun 11Chip – your story is very useful, thanks for sharing it. This has an interesting parallel with DHH’s recent quote about it being harder to “develop a clue” when you have money. It seems once your money ran out, your focus grew tighter and clearer and only then did you really move forward.
Scott
on 03 Jun 11Chip’s “Guys we can quibble …” comment was much more interesting, information-packed, and motivating than was the article.
No knock on Matt – he’s a talented writer. But sometimes hearing it straight from the warrior who’s been there in the language of the trenches is better than wrapping a writing piece around it.
Kevin
on 03 Jun 11Haters gonna hate. I enjoyed the article. Chip, thanks for your insight on building a company.
Krish
on 08 Jun 11I really enjoyed reading the article. Thanks Chip for sharing.
This discussion is closed.